One day the Angel Jibril told Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about Hafsah:
“She is an often fasting and worshipping lady and she will be your wife in Paradise too.”[Mustadrak Al-Hakim 4/15]
Hafsah was the daughter of ‘Umar Faruq, and the niece of another famous
Sahabi, ‘Uthman bin Maz’un. Her uncle from the paternal side was Zayd
bin Khattab. ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar was her brother.
Hafsah was an
extremely religious lady who used to spend her time in prayer and
fasting. An excellent writer and orator, an ardent follower of Islam.
Hafsah had such noble qualities and such an amiable nature that
‘A’ishah remarked that among wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings
be upon him) only she could compare with her. Her life is exemplary,
brought up as she was by a Companion of the calibre of ‘Umar bin
Khattab.
Hafsah was born in the family of a great warrior and
wrestler, ‘Umar bin Khattab who was well known for his martial skills.
In her growing years she was brought up in an Islamic environment, both
her parents and her aunts and uncles having already converted to the new
religion. When she was old enough, she was married to Khanis bin
Huthafah As-Sahmi. He was influenced by the teaching of Abu Bakr Siddiq
and had accepted Islam.
Due to worst cruelty and oppression,
Khanis had to migrate to Al-Madinah with his wife. He was welcomed by
Rafa’h bin ‘Abdul Munthir and stayed in his house as his guest.
Both Khanis and Hafsah loved the new life in Al-Madinah. Hafsah made
special arrangements to memorize the Ayat of the Quran as and when they
were revealed. Then she would give deep thought and attention to the
meaning and interpretation of the Ayat. Her husband meanwhile was
enthusiastically preparing himself for Jihad and improving his martial
skills. He was constantly alert to the movements of the enemy and was
ever ready to meet them head on.
News came that the Quraysh of
Makkah, after making elaborate preparations for a war to wipe out the
Muslims, were marching towards Al-Madinah under the leadership of Abu
Jahl.
The Muslims under the leadership of the Prophet (peace
and blessings be upon him), practically unarmed, reached Badr and set up
camp taking control of the only source of water. All they had with them
was their strong faith in the Allah.
Khanis bin Huthafah,
‘Umar Faruq and the maternal and paternal uncles of Hafsah and her
cousin were all part of this courageous band. Her husband was determined
to win the battle for Allah and bring to dust the pomp and grandeur of
Abu Jahl’s forces. Finally the forces met and Khanis bin Huthafah went
tearing through the ranks of the enemy. He was seriously wounded, but
most of the leaders of the disbelievers were killed, and Islam
triumphed. It is one of the greatest battles fought in history where a
handful of unarmed and outnumbered men routed a powerful and
well-equipped army.
When Hafsah heard of her husband’s heroic
deeds she was very happy, and praised his valour in battle; but she also
realized that in this condition he would need the best care possible.
She immediately recited the Ayah of Surat Al-Anfal which were revealed
in connection with the Battle of Badr,
“Allah made it only as
glad tidings, as that your hearts be at rest therewith. And there is no
victory except from Allah. Verily, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.”
[Noble Quran 8:10]
These Words of the Allah Almighty promising
victory inspired her and she happily turned to the task of nursing her
husband back to health. But it was not to be, for he was to be blessed
with an exalted position. A few days later he succumbed to his injuries
and joined the ranks of those who are blessed with eternal life. When
the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) heard of his passing away
he arranged for him to be buried in Jannatul Baqi, next to the uncle of
Hafsah; he personally led the funeral prayers. Hafsah was, naturally,
grief stricken, but being a true believer she respectfully submitted to
the Will of Allah. She turned towards her Maker and courageously gave
herself even more to prayer and meditation. She was at this time barely
twenty-one years old.
For her father it was very painful to see
his daughter in this state. Her silent courage under these
circumstances, her patient prayers and her study of the Quran irradiated
her countenance with a spiritual beauty and innocence, but there was
also a sadness because of the harsh loneliness that had become part of
her life. After deep thought ‘Umar Faruq decided to approach ‘Uthman bin
Affan, whose wife Ruqayyah the Prophet’s daughter, had passed away. He
thought that sharing a common bond would help to alleviate their sorrow
in losing worthy spouses. So, having taken this decision he went direct
to ‘Uthman. After the formal greeting and expression of condolences on
his wife’s death he broached the topic closest to his heart. ‘Uthman
lowered his eyes and then after a few moments pause, he said he needed
time to think it over.
‘Umar Faruq met him again after a few
days and asked him if he had thought over the proposal. ‘Uthman answered
that he was not presently planning on marriage. From there he went to
Abu Bakr Siddiq and offered him his daughter in marriage. He too lowered
his gaze and did not answer him. Imam Bukhari in his book of Hadith,
As-Sahih Al-Bukhari, has given a whole chapter to the topic of an
honorable man offering his sister or daughter in marriage.
‘Umar Faruq was very upset because both the men he approached had either
avoided or refused marriage to his daughter. He was confident of a
willing and joyful acceptance but things turned out otherwise. He was
very upset and worried at the turn of events; in a sense it was an
affront to him and his position as a sincere defender of the faith.
People, he thought, would consider it an honor to have an alliance by
marriage with him. With this grievance he went to the Prophet (peace and
blessings be upon him) and explained to him the position he found
himself in. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) smilingly
answered that he should neither grieve nor worry, and Allah willing he
would find a man better than ‘Uthman for Hafsah and ‘Uthman in turn,
would find for himself a better woman than Hafsah.
‘Umar Faruq
was pleased on hearing this from the Prophet (peace and blessings be
upon him) himself, but also a little perplexed over who such a man could
be? A few days later the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
married his daughter, Umm Kulthum to ‘Uthman. ‘Umar Faruq realized that
one part of the prediction had come true, but he continued to puzzle
over the second half of the statement. Who could possibly be a better
man than ‘Uthman? Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
proposed marriage to Hafsah. ‘Umar Faruq could not believe his ears; his
daughter would have the honor of joining the select band of women who
were known as the Mothers of the believers! ‘A’ishah and Sawdah were
already part of the Prophet’s household. It seemed too good to be true.
Thus Hafsah was joined in marriage to the Prophet (peace and blessings
be upon him) in the 3rd year after Hijrah, before the Battle of Uhud.
She was about twenty-two years old at the time. On seeing off his
daughter to her husband’s house, ‘Umar Faruq told her that she should
never try to compete with ‘A’ishah, who was the Prophet’s favorite and
better than her in many respects. He said she should respect her
sincerely and live happily as a member of the first and foremost family.
Sa’id bin Al-Musayyab, a learned scholar, states that the Prophet’s
prediction that he was a better husband for Hafsah than ‘Uthman was
proved right, as was his statement that Umm Kulthum was a better wife
for ‘Uthman than Hafsah. After the marriage Abu Bakr Siddiq met with
‘Umar Faruq and told him the truth, which was that the Prophet (peace
and blessings be upon him) had mentioned to him that he planned to marry
Hafsah. That was the reason he had remained silent, as it would not
have been proper to betray his confidence. If matters were different he
would have been only too happy to accept her hand in marriage. ‘Umar
Faruq expressed his happiness by quoting the following Ayah,
“This is by the Grace of my Lord – to test me whether I am grateful or
ungrateful! And whoever is grateful, truly, his gratitude is for
himself; and whoever is ungrateful, (it is for the loss of only
himself). Certainly my Lord is Rich, Bountiful.” [Noble Quran 27:40]
After attaining the position of the Mother of the Believers, Hafsah
became even more absorbed in studying the finer points of religion. She
would store in her mind conversations of Muhammad (peace and blessings
be upon him) which would lead to a better understanding of Islam. Often
she would discuss any points that arose in her mind about the Shari’ah.
Jabir bin ‘Abdullah Ansari narrates an incident which was related to
him by Umm Mubasher. She and Hafsah and the Prophet (peace and blessings
be upon him) were sitting and chatting together. He said that all the
people who had given the pledged of allegiance at Hudaybiyah under the
tree would go to Paradise, and not to Hell. She asked how that was
possible. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got annoyed, but
Hafsah did not give up and quoted an Ayah from Surah Maryam.
“There is not one of you but will pass over it (Hell).” [Noble Quran 19:71]
In reply he quoted the very next Ayah, also from Surah Maryam.
“Then We shall save those who use to fear Allah and were dutiful to
Him. And We shall leave the wrongdoers therein to there knees (in
Hell).” [Noble Quran 19:72]
This news of Hafsah disputing with
the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spread in Al-Madinah. On
that day the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was very
disturbed; and when ‘Umar Faruq heard about it he chided his daughter.
She replied that ‘A’ishah too spoke in the same manner to him. Her
father again cautioned her not to compete with ‘A’ishah and maintain a
certain decorum, or else she would bring trouble on herself.
Among the Mothers of the believers, ‘A’ishah, Umm Habibah, Sawdah and
Hafsah all belonged to the tribe of Quraysh. The others came from
various other tribes. Everyday after the ‘Asr prayer, the Prophet (peace
and blessings be upon him) would visit them all for a little while to
see if they needed anything; the time of the visits was routine and each
would wait eagerly for his arrival. On several occasions, it so
happened that he spent more time with Zaynab. This upset ‘A’ishah, and
she spoke about it to Hafsah and Sawdah. They got together and found out
that a certain relative had sent Zaynab a special kind of honey and she
used to offer it to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
everyday. This was his favorite and he used to be delayed in her
apartment, enjoying it. ‘A’ishah was so fond of the Prophet (peace and
blessings be upon him) that she could not bear for him to be late coming
to her apartment. Because of her regard for him she could not object
directly.
So she consulted Hafsah and Sawdah, and they decided
that when he comes to each of us by turn, we would all say that there is
a strange smell emanating from his mouth. When he heard the same thing
from all three of them, he believed it must be due to the honey he had,
and decided to give it up for good. If this had been an incident in the
life of an ordinary person it would have been of no consequence. But
this was with the last Prophet of Allah and his every word and every
action would become the law or Shari’ah for all Muslims for all time to
come. Thus it had a special significance.
So Allah rebuked him in Ayah of Surat At-Tahrim.
“O Prophet! Why do you forbid (for yourself) that which Allah has
allowed to you, seeking to please your wives? And Allah is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” [Noble Quran 66:1]
It was around
the same time that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
confided a secret matter to Hafsah, and warned her not to speak to
anyone about it. But she told ‘A’ishah. Allah then revealed to the
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) what happened. Allah revealed
this in the following Ayah of Surat At-Tahrim,
“And when the
Prophet disclosed a matter in confidence to one of his wife, then she
told it. And Allah made it known to him; he informed part thereof and
left a part. Then when he told her thereof, she said: “Who told you
this?” He said: “The All-Knower, the All-Aware has told me.” [Noble
Quran 66:3]
The year, when the Peninsula was under the Islamic
government, the granaries were full and all the riches were reaching the
centre from the different regions of Arabia; many of the wives of the
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who lived lives of luxury,
put forward demands for an increase in their household allowances. When
‘Umar Faruq heard of this he was very upset; he told his daughter Hafsah
that she should ask her father if she needed anything and not make any
demands on the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He also
advised all the Mothers of the Believers not to make any demands. Umm
Salamah did not quite like this and felt that he had the habit of
interfering in every matter. She told him frankly that he should refrain
from meddling in the affairs of the Prophet’s wives.
It was at
this time that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had fallen
from his horse and been injured; keeping all these things in view he
decided to go into seclusion and moved to an upper room adjacent to the
apartment of ‘A’ishah. The whole city was buzzing with the gossip the
hypocrites spread saying that he divorced his wives. But actually no
such thing happened. All the Companions were disturbed by this
situation, but no one had the courage to approach the Prophet (peace and
blessings be upon him) and talk to him directly. Finally ‘Umar Faruq
known for his forthrightness went to him and asked him if the rumor was
true. When he denied it he was delighted. Then he asked if he could
announce this good news to the rest of the Muslims. When he received
permission, he joyfully informed the community that everything was fine
with the Prophet’s household. The whole city was relieved that the
Messenger of Allah had not been offended in any way. On the twenty-ninth
day he came down into the apartment of ‘A’ishah. She asked him
smilingly why he came down before the month was over. He replied that
often the lunar month did consist of only twenty-nine days. Hafsah
promised her father that she would never ever ask for a raise in her
allowance and she stood by her word to the end of her life.
Hafsah died in the year 41st after Hijrah aged fifty-nine. At the time
of death she was fasting. The funeral prayers were led by the governor
of Al-Madinah, Marwan bin Al-Hakam. Abu Hurairah and Abu Sa’id Khudri,
the eminent Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
were among those who carried the shroud to Jannatul Baqi’. Her two
brothers, ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar and ‘Asim bin ‘Umar placed her gently into
her final resting place. Salem bin ‘Abdullah, ‘Abdur-Rahman bin
‘Abdullah and Hamzah bin ‘Abdullah, all the sons of ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar
also attended the funeral.
And so a righteous and learned
writer and reciter of the Noble Quran who devoted herself from her youth
to prayer, fasting and meditation passed into history.
These Ayat from Surat Al-Qamar express an apt tribute to this great Mother of the Believers.
“Verily, the pious will be in the midst of Graders and Rivers
(Paradise). In a seat of truth, near the Omnipotent King.” [Noble Quran
54:54-55]
Source: Great Muslim Women
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